This is the amount by which the value of goods and services imported from China exceeds the amount officially recorded in Kazakhstan.
For many years, Kazakh officials have explained the discrepancy in official UN export/import statistics by differences in calculation methodologies.
However, according to experts, the value of goods imported from China should actually be higher, by at least 10%, because Chinese statistics do not account for insurance and logistics costs of exported goods.
The state lost billions in customs duties in “old Kazakhstan,” but in “new Kazakhstan,” these losses have reached record levels.
This is investigation by journalist Gulnara Bazhkenova on the ORDA News channel.
